VVER

The VVER, vodo-vodyanoi energetichesky reaktor, is Russia's PWR line. It stands out for its horizontal steam generators, easier to maintain and less prone to corrosion, and for hexagonal rather than square fuel assemblies. The six-loop VVER-440 of the 1970s still operates in Finland, Hungary, Slovakia, Czechia and Armenia.

The VVER-1000 of the 1980s and today's VVER-1200, with four loops, double containment and passive systems, are Rosatom's export product: Akkuyu in Turkey, Rooppur in Bangladesh, El Dabaa in Egypt and Paks II in Hungary are VVER-1200s under construction.