Monitoring · Medical isotopes
Mo-99 and Tc-99m supply
The state of the reactors and processors that produce the world's Molybdenum-99 and technetium-99m, read from their operators, their regulators and the sector's emergency channel. Each line is our own summary of a dated primary document, with the link to the original. Nothing here is a forecast.
Supply status by region
Derived from the reactors and processors documented as suppliers of each region. Amber: a current unplanned or extended outage at a reactor or processor serving it. Red: a shortage notice from an authority or the sector's emergency channel in the last fourteen days. Never on inference.
EuropeNo disruption reported
The ANVS issues an order subject to a penalty payment to NRG PALLAS (operator of the HFR) in a news report dated September 4, 2026.
ANVS · Autoriteit Nucleaire Veiligheid en Stralingsbescherming · Sep 4, 2026 · source
Served by: Curium Petten, IRE Fleurus, HFR, BR2, MARIA, LVR-15, PALLAS
North AmericaNo disruption reported
Planned outage at OPAL (Lucas Heights) from September 14 to September 19, 2026, for refuelling and maintenance, according to ANSTO’s cycle schedule; Cycle 176 will remain online starting September 19.
ANSTO · Calendario de ciclos de OPAL y noticias · Sep 7, 2026 · source
Served by: Curium Petten, Curium Maryland Heights, IRE Fleurus, NTP Radioisotopes, ANSTO Health (Lucas Heights), NorthStar Medical Radioisotopes, Lantheus (TechneLite), HFR, BR2, MARIA, LVR-15, SAFARI-1, OPAL, MURR, PALLAS
Latin AmericaNo disruption reported
CNEA · News · Officials from the Secretariat of Nuclear Affairs and the National Atomic Energy Commission presented guidelines for the future operation of the multipurpose reactor as a platform...
Comunicados oficiales · operadores, reguladores y gobiernos · Sep 4, 2026 · source
Served by: CNEA Ezeiza, IPEN São Paulo, RA-3, RA-10
Africa and Asia-PacificNo disruption reported
Planned outage at OPAL (Lucas Heights) from September 14 to September 19, 2026, for refuelling and maintenance, according to ANSTO’s cycle schedule; Cycle 176 will remain online starting September 19.
ANSTO · Calendario de ciclos de OPAL y noticias · Sep 7, 2026 · source
Served by: NTP Radioisotopes, ANSTO Health (Lucas Heights), SAFARI-1, OPAL
Irradiation reactors
The reactors that irradiate the targets. The status comes from the last availability signal in the last 60 days, and the last signal is the most recent dated document, each with its source.
| Reactor | Power | Status | Last signal |
|---|---|---|---|
HFR Netherlands · NRG PALLAS | 45 MWt | No news | ANVS: Issues Order Subject to a Penalty Payment Against NRG PALLAS (HFR Operator) ANVS · Autoriteit Nucleaire Veiligheid en Stralingsbescherming · Sep 4, 2026 · source |
BR2 Belgium · SCK CEN | 100 MWt | No news | No signals from the sources. |
MARIA Poland · Narodowe Centrum Badań Jądrowych (NCBJ) | 30 MWt | No news | No signals from the sources. |
LVR-15 Czech Republic · Centrum výzkumu Řež (CVŘ) | 10 MWt | No news | No signals from the sources. |
SAFARI-1 South Africa · Necsa | 20 MWt | No news | No signals from the sources. |
OPAL Australia · ANSTO | 20 MWt | Planned outage | OPAL: Planned outage between cycles beginning September 14 ANSTO · Calendario de ciclos de OPAL y noticias · Sep 7, 2026 · source |
MURR United States · University of Missouri Research Reactor Center | 10 MWt | No news | MURR: press release regarding the reactor or its radioisotopes MURR · Noticias (University of Missouri Research Reactor) · May 14, 2026 · source |
RA-3 Argentina · Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA) | 10 MWt | No news | No signals from the sources. |
WWR-TS (VVR-c) Russia · Karpov Institute of Physical Chemistry (NIFKhI), Rosatom | 15 MWt | No news | No signals from the sources. |
| RA-10 Argentina · Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA) | 30 MWt | Under construction | The RA-10 will begin operations in 2027 using a privately funded radioisotope production model Comunicados oficiales · operadores, reguladores y gobiernos · Sep 4, 2026 · source |
| PALLAS Netherlands · NRG PALLAS | 55 MWt | Under construction | NRG PALLAS: Statement on the PALLAS Reactor NRG PALLAS · Noticias (HFR y PALLAS, Petten) · Jul 2, 2026 · source |
RMB Brazil · Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear (CNEN) | 30 MWt | Under construction | No signals from the sources. |
Processors and the documented chain
Who irradiates for whom and who ships where, according to public documents. An amber node or edge means the upstream node reported a disruption.
| Processor | Isotopes | Status | Last signal |
|---|---|---|---|
| Curium Petten Netherlands · Curium | Mo-99 / Tc-99m · Lu-177 · Ir-192 | No news | No signals from the sources. |
| IRE Fleurus Belgium · Institut National des Radioéléments (IRE) | Mo-99 / Tc-99m · I-131 | No news | No signals from the sources. |
| NTP Radioisotopes South Africa · NTP Radioisotopes SOC Ltd (Necsa) | Mo-99 / Tc-99m · I-131 · Lu-177 · Ir-192 | No news | No signals from the sources. |
| ANSTO Health (Lucas Heights) Australia · ANSTO | Mo-99 / Tc-99m · I-131 · Lu-177 | No news | No signals from the sources. |
| CNEA Ezeiza Argentina · Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA) | Mo-99 / Tc-99m · I-131 · Lu-177 | No news | No signals from the sources. |
| IPEN São Paulo Brazil · IPEN/CNEN | Mo-99 / Tc-99m · I-131 · Lu-177 · Ir-192 | No news | IPEN Radiopharmacy: Statement from the CNEN CNEN · Últimas notícias (IEA-R1 y radiofarmacia del IPEN) · Jun 25, 2026 · source |
| POLATOM Poland · NCBJ Radioisotope Centre POLATOM | Mo-99 / Tc-99m · I-131 · Lu-177 | No news | NCBJ: Press Release on POLATOM and Radiopharmaceuticals NCBJ · Noticias (reactor MARIA y POLATOM, Świerk) · Aug 12, 2026 · source |
| NorthStar Medical Radioisotopes United States · NorthStar Medical Radioisotopes, LLC | Mo-99 / Tc-99m | No news | No signals from the sources. |
Sources of the relationships
- HFR → Curium Petten · NRG PALLAS, Molybdenum-99 (targets irradiated in Petten, separation by Curium) · NRG PALLAS, NRG and Curium sign multi-year isotope production contract (HFR produces the isotopes Curium uses) · Curium, Curium extends irradiation partnership with NRG PALLAS for Lu-177 (Lu-177 production lines in Petten) · NRG PALLAS, Iridium-192 (Ir-192 production in Petten, processed into sources by Curium on the same site) · Curium, first North American manufacturer offering exclusively 100 % LEU generators (irradiation partners HFR, MARIA and BR2)
- HFR → IRE Fleurus · National Academies, Molybdenum-99 for Medical Imaging (2016), ch. 3 Global Production of Molybdenum-99
- BR2 → IRE Fleurus · IRE, IRE supplies a first commercial batch of LEU-based Mo-99 (targets irradiated in BR2; Mo-99 and I-131; US market) · IRE, Radiochemical products (BR2 targets processed by IRE; Mo-99 and I-131) · National Academies, Molybdenum-99 for Medical Imaging (2016), ch. 3 Global Production of Molybdenum-99
- BR2 → Curium Petten · Curium, first North American manufacturer offering exclusively 100 % LEU generators (irradiation partners HFR, MARIA and BR2) · National Academies, Molybdenum-99 for Medical Imaging (2016), ch. 3 Global Production of Molybdenum-99 · SCK CEN, A journey around the world in a race against time (BR2 targets processed by IRE, Curium, NTP and ANSTO)
- MARIA → Curium Petten · NCBJ, MARIA reactor usage (Mo-99 plates transported to Petten; I-131, Co-60, Lu-177) · Curium, first North American manufacturer offering exclusively 100 % LEU generators (irradiation partners HFR, MARIA and BR2)
- LVR-15 → IRE Fleurus · National Academies, Molybdenum-99 for Medical Imaging (2016), ch. 3 Global Production of Molybdenum-99
- SAFARI-1 → NTP Radioisotopes · Necsa, SAFARI-1 (Mo-99 feedstock for NTP Radioisotopes) · NTP Radioisotopes, SAFARI-1 (about a quarter of global Mo-99 demand, I-131 and Lu-177) · ITM, ITM and NTP manufacturing and supply agreement for n.c.a. Lu-177 (Yb-176 irradiated in SAFARI-1) · National Academies, Molybdenum-99 for Medical Imaging (2016), ch. 3 Global Production of Molybdenum-99
- OPAL → ANSTO Health (Lucas Heights) · ANSTO, Nuclear medicine facilities (OPAL target plates to the Mo-99 Manufacturing Facility; Gentech generators; Australia and the region) · ANSTO, Introduction to ANSTO 2023 (OPAL irradiation positions for Mo-99, I-131 and Lu-177; exports to the US East Coast) · National Academies, Molybdenum-99 for Medical Imaging (2016), ch. 3 Global Production of Molybdenum-99
- MURR → NorthStar Medical Radioisotopes · NorthStar, non-uranium Mo-99 milestone (domestic Mo-99 production with MURR; Beloit, Wisconsin; US demand) · NorthStar, approval to begin routine production of Mo-99 at the University of Missouri Research Reactor
- RA-3 → CNEA Ezeiza · CNEA, Aplicaciones del RA-3 (Mo-99, I-131, Cr-51, P-32 y Lu-177) · CNEA, Producción de radioisótopos (Centro Atómico Ezeiza; demanda nacional de Mo-99 y provisión a Brasil) · CNEA, Empezó un proceso para aumentar la producción de radioisótopos (RA-3, Centro Atómico Ezeiza)
- CNEA Ezeiza → IPEN São Paulo · CNEA, Producción de radioisótopos (Centro Atómico Ezeiza; demanda nacional de Mo-99 y provisión a Brasil) · CNEN, Produção de radiofármacos (IPEN único produtor de geradores de Tc-99m no Brasil; Mo-99 importado; fios de Ir-192; RMB em Iperó)
- RA-10 → CNEA Ezeiza · CNEA, CNEA e INVAP inician el diseño de una planta de producción de radioisótopos de fisión (blancos del RA-10: Mo-99, I-131, Lu-177)
- PALLAS → Curium Petten · NRG PALLAS, PALLAS-reactor: securing the future of medical isotopes and cancer treatment (will replace the HFR and take over production) · Curium, Curium extends irradiation partnership with NRG PALLAS for Lu-177 (Lu-177 production lines in Petten)
- Curium Petten → Europe · OECD-NEA, The Supply of Medical Isotopes: An Economic Diagnosis and Possible Solutions (2019), tables 4.1 and 4.2 · Curium, Curium extends irradiation partnership with NRG PALLAS for Lu-177 (Lu-177 production lines in Petten)
- Curium Petten → North America · Curium, first North American manufacturer offering exclusively 100 % LEU generators (irradiation partners HFR, MARIA and BR2) · OECD-NEA, The Supply of Medical Isotopes: An Economic Diagnosis and Possible Solutions (2019), tables 4.1 and 4.2
- IRE Fleurus → Europe · IRE, Our history (European market; North America, Asia and the Middle East) · IRE, Radiochemical products (BR2 targets processed by IRE; Mo-99 and I-131)
- IRE Fleurus → North America · IRE, Our history (European market; North America, Asia and the Middle East) · IRE, IRE supplies a first commercial batch of LEU-based Mo-99 (targets irradiated in BR2; Mo-99 and I-131; US market) · Lantheus, Mo-99 supply contract with IRE for TechneLite generators
- NTP Radioisotopes → North America · Lantheus, extends contract with NTP Radioisotopes for LEU Mo-99 (NTP and ANSTO largest suppliers; IRE also named) · Lantheus Holdings, Form 10-K for 2024 (Mo-99 from research reactors in Belgium, South Africa and Australia; North Billerica)
- NTP Radioisotopes → Africa and Asia-Pacific · NTP Radioisotopes, NovaTec-P Tc-99m generator (developed at Pelindaba; procedures in South Africa every day) · Necsa, Nuclear Radioisotopes (NTP): Mo-99, I-131, NovaTec-P generator, Ir-192 sources
- ANSTO Health (Lucas Heights) → Africa and Asia-Pacific · ANSTO, Nuclear medicine (Mo-99 in OPAL, Gentech generators, n.c.a. Lu-177, sodium iodide capsules; 75-80 % of isotopes used in Australia) · ANSTO, Nuclear medicine facilities (OPAL target plates to the Mo-99 Manufacturing Facility; Gentech generators; Australia and the region) · ANSTO, Introduction to ANSTO 2023 (OPAL irradiation positions for Mo-99, I-131 and Lu-177; exports to the US East Coast) · National Academies, Molybdenum-99 for Medical Imaging (2016), ch. 3 Global Production of Molybdenum-99
- ANSTO Health (Lucas Heights) → North America · ANSTO, Introduction to ANSTO 2023 (OPAL irradiation positions for Mo-99, I-131 and Lu-177; exports to the US East Coast) · National Academies, Molybdenum-99 for Medical Imaging (2016), ch. 3 Global Production of Molybdenum-99 · Lantheus, to receive LEU-derived Mo-99 from ANSTO for TechneLite (US and Canadian markets)
- CNEA Ezeiza → Latin America · CNEA, Producción de radioisótopos (Centro Atómico Ezeiza; demanda nacional de Mo-99 y provisión a Brasil) · CNEA, Aplicaciones del RA-3 (Mo-99, I-131, Cr-51, P-32 y Lu-177)
- IPEN São Paulo → Latin America · CNEN, Produção de radiofármacos (IPEN único produtor de geradores de Tc-99m no Brasil; Mo-99 importado; fios de Ir-192; RMB em Iperó)
- NorthStar Medical Radioisotopes → North America · NorthStar, non-uranium Mo-99 milestone (domestic Mo-99 production with MURR; Beloit, Wisconsin; US demand)
Relationships documented in public sources, not contracts
Timeline
Our summary of each dated document, with the issuing body and the link. Last 180 days.
Friday, September 4, 2026
- Regulatory eventANVS: Issues Order Subject to a Penalty Payment Against NRG PALLAS (HFR Operator) NetherlandsANVS · Autoriteit Nucleaire Veiligheid en StralingsbeschermingHFR
The ANVS issues an order subject to a penalty payment to NRG PALLAS (operator of the HFR) in a news report dated September 4, 2026.
Open the source
Thursday, June 25, 2026
- Official newsIPEN Radiopharmacy: Statement from the CNEN BrazilCNEN · Últimas notícias (IEA-R1 y radiofarmacia del IPEN)IPEN São Paulo
The CNEN issued a statement regarding the IPEN Radiopharmacy Center (São Paulo, Brazil) in a press release dated June 25, 2026.
Open the source
Monday, June 15, 2026
- Regulatory eventIPEN Radiopharmacy: Officially Reported Incident BrazilIPEN · Notícias y comunicados oficiales (IEA-R1 y radiofarmacia)IPEN São Paulo
IPEN/CNEN reported an incident at the IPEN Radiopharmacy Center (São Paulo, Brazil) in a press release dated June 15, 2026.
Open the source
Friday, June 12, 2026
- Regulatory eventIPEN Radiopharmacy: Officially Reported Incident BrazilCNEN · Últimas notícias (IEA-R1 y radiofarmacia del IPEN)IPEN São Paulo
The CNEN reported an incident at the IPEN Radiopharmacy Center (São Paulo, Brazil) in a press release dated June 12, 2026.
Open the source
Data: ANSTO · Calendario de ciclos de OPAL y noticias · Comunicados oficiales · operadores, reguladores y gobiernos · ANVS · Autoriteit Nucleaire Veiligheid en Stralingsbescherming · NCBJ · Noticias (reactor MARIA y POLATOM, Świerk) · NRG PALLAS · Noticias (HFR y PALLAS, Petten) · CNEN · Últimas notícias (IEA-R1 y radiofarmacia del IPEN) · IPEN · Notícias y comunicados oficiales (IEA-R1 y radiofarmacia) · MURR · Noticias (University of Missouri Research Reactor) · IAEA RRDB · updated on Sep 7, 2026