Mo-99 and Tc-99m supply
The state of the reactors and processors that produce the world's Molybdenum-99 and technetium-99m, read from their operators, their regulators and the sector's emergency channel. Each line is our own summary of a dated primary document, with the link to the original. Nothing here is a forecast.
Supply status by region
Derived from the reactors and processors documented as suppliers of each region. Amber: a current unplanned or extended outage at a reactor or processor serving it. Red: a shortage notice from an authority or the sector's emergency channel in the last fourteen days. Never on inference.
EuropeNo disruption reported
The ANVS issues an order subject to a penalty payment to NRG PALLAS (operator of the HFR) in a news report dated September 4, 2026.
North AmericaNo disruption reported
Planned outage at OPAL (Lucas Heights) from September 14 to September 19, 2026, for refuelling and maintenance, according to ANSTO’s cycle schedule; Cycle 176 will remain online starting September 19.
Latin AmericaNo disruption reported
CNEA · News · Officials from the Secretariat of Nuclear Affairs and the National Atomic Energy Commission presented guidelines for the future operation of the multipurpose reactor as a platform...
Africa and Asia-PacificNo disruption reported
Planned outage at OPAL (Lucas Heights) from September 14 to September 19, 2026, for refuelling and maintenance, according to ANSTO’s cycle schedule; Cycle 176 will remain online starting September 19.
Irradiation reactors
The reactors that irradiate the targets. The status comes from the last availability signal in the last 60 days, and the last signal is the most recent dated document, each with its source.
| Reactor | Power | Status | Last signal |
|---|---|---|---|
HFR Netherlands · NRG PALLAS | 45 MWt | No news | ANVS: Issues Order Subject to a Penalty Payment Against NRG PALLAS (HFR Operator) ANVS · Autoriteit Nucleaire Veiligheid en Stralingsbescherming · Sep 4, 2026 · source |
BR2 Belgium · SCK CEN | 100 MWt | No news | No signals from the sources. |
MARIA Poland · Narodowe Centrum Badań Jądrowych (NCBJ) | 30 MWt | No news | No signals from the sources. |
LVR-15 Czech Republic · Centrum výzkumu Řež (CVŘ) | 10 MWt | No news | No signals from the sources. |
SAFARI-1 South Africa · Necsa | 20 MWt | No news | No signals from the sources. |
OPAL Australia · ANSTO | 20 MWt | Planned outage | OPAL: Planned outage between cycles beginning September 14 ANSTO · Calendario de ciclos de OPAL y noticias · Sep 7, 2026 · source |
MURR United States · University of Missouri Research Reactor Center | 10 MWt | No news | MURR: press release regarding the reactor or its radioisotopes MURR · Noticias (University of Missouri Research Reactor) · May 14, 2026 · source |
RA-3 Argentina · Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA) | 10 MWt | No news | No signals from the sources. |
WWR-TS (VVR-c) Russia · Karpov Institute of Physical Chemistry (NIFKhI), Rosatom | 15 MWt | No news | No signals from the sources. |
| RA-10 Argentina · Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA) | 30 MWt | Under construction | The RA-10 will begin operations in 2027 using a privately funded radioisotope production model Comunicados oficiales · operadores, reguladores y gobiernos · Sep 4, 2026 · source |
| PALLAS Netherlands · NRG PALLAS | 55 MWt | Under construction | NRG PALLAS: Statement on the PALLAS Reactor NRG PALLAS · Noticias (HFR y PALLAS, Petten) · Jul 2, 2026 · source |
RMB Brazil · Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear (CNEN) | 30 MWt | Under construction | No signals from the sources. |
Processors and the documented chain
Who irradiates for whom and who ships where, according to public documents. An amber node or edge means the upstream node reported a disruption.
| Processor | Isotopes | Status | Last signal |
|---|---|---|---|
| Curium Petten Netherlands · Curium | Mo-99 / Tc-99m · Lu-177 · Ir-192 | No news | No signals from the sources. |
| IRE Fleurus Belgium · Institut National des Radioéléments (IRE) | Mo-99 / Tc-99m · I-131 | No news | No signals from the sources. |
| NTP Radioisotopes South Africa · NTP Radioisotopes SOC Ltd (Necsa) | Mo-99 / Tc-99m · I-131 · Lu-177 · Ir-192 | No news | No signals from the sources. |
| ANSTO Health (Lucas Heights) Australia · ANSTO | Mo-99 / Tc-99m · I-131 · Lu-177 | No news | No signals from the sources. |
| CNEA Ezeiza Argentina · Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA) | Mo-99 / Tc-99m · I-131 · Lu-177 | No news | No signals from the sources. |
| IPEN São Paulo Brazil · IPEN/CNEN | Mo-99 / Tc-99m · I-131 · Lu-177 · Ir-192 | No news | IPEN Radiopharmacy: Statement from the CNEN CNEN · Últimas notícias (IEA-R1 y radiofarmacia del IPEN) · Jun 25, 2026 · source |
| POLATOM Poland · NCBJ Radioisotope Centre POLATOM | Mo-99 / Tc-99m · I-131 · Lu-177 | No news | NCBJ: Press Release on POLATOM and Radiopharmaceuticals NCBJ · Noticias (reactor MARIA y POLATOM, Świerk) · Aug 12, 2026 · source |
| NorthStar Medical Radioisotopes United States · NorthStar Medical Radioisotopes, LLC | Mo-99 / Tc-99m | No news | No signals from the sources. |
Sources of the relationships
- HFR → Curium Petten · NRG PALLAS, Molybdenum-99 (targets irradiated in Petten, separation by Curium) · NRG PALLAS, NRG and Curium sign multi-year isotope production contract (HFR produces the isotopes Curium uses) · Curium, Curium extends irradiation partnership with NRG PALLAS for Lu-177 (Lu-177 production lines in Petten) · NRG PALLAS, Iridium-192 (Ir-192 production in Petten, processed into sources by Curium on the same site) · Curium, first North American manufacturer offering exclusively 100 % LEU generators (irradiation partners HFR, MARIA and BR2)
- HFR → IRE Fleurus · National Academies, Molybdenum-99 for Medical Imaging (2016), ch. 3 Global Production of Molybdenum-99
- BR2 → IRE Fleurus · IRE, IRE supplies a first commercial batch of LEU-based Mo-99 (targets irradiated in BR2; Mo-99 and I-131; US market) · IRE, Radiochemical products (BR2 targets processed by IRE; Mo-99 and I-131) · National Academies, Molybdenum-99 for Medical Imaging (2016), ch. 3 Global Production of Molybdenum-99
- BR2 → Curium Petten · Curium, first North American manufacturer offering exclusively 100 % LEU generators (irradiation partners HFR, MARIA and BR2) · National Academies, Molybdenum-99 for Medical Imaging (2016), ch. 3 Global Production of Molybdenum-99 · SCK CEN, A journey around the world in a race against time (BR2 targets processed by IRE, Curium, NTP and ANSTO)
- MARIA → Curium Petten · NCBJ, MARIA reactor usage (Mo-99 plates transported to Petten; I-131, Co-60, Lu-177) · Curium, first North American manufacturer offering exclusively 100 % LEU generators (irradiation partners HFR, MARIA and BR2)
- LVR-15 → IRE Fleurus · National Academies, Molybdenum-99 for Medical Imaging (2016), ch. 3 Global Production of Molybdenum-99
- SAFARI-1 → NTP Radioisotopes · Necsa, SAFARI-1 (Mo-99 feedstock for NTP Radioisotopes) · NTP Radioisotopes, SAFARI-1 (about a quarter of global Mo-99 demand, I-131 and Lu-177) · ITM, ITM and NTP manufacturing and supply agreement for n.c.a. Lu-177 (Yb-176 irradiated in SAFARI-1) · National Academies, Molybdenum-99 for Medical Imaging (2016), ch. 3 Global Production of Molybdenum-99
- OPAL → ANSTO Health (Lucas Heights) · ANSTO, Nuclear medicine facilities (OPAL target plates to the Mo-99 Manufacturing Facility; Gentech generators; Australia and the region) · ANSTO, Introduction to ANSTO 2023 (OPAL irradiation positions for Mo-99, I-131 and Lu-177; exports to the US East Coast) · National Academies, Molybdenum-99 for Medical Imaging (2016), ch. 3 Global Production of Molybdenum-99
- MURR → NorthStar Medical Radioisotopes · NorthStar, non-uranium Mo-99 milestone (domestic Mo-99 production with MURR; Beloit, Wisconsin; US demand) · NorthStar, approval to begin routine production of Mo-99 at the University of Missouri Research Reactor
- RA-3 → CNEA Ezeiza · CNEA, Aplicaciones del RA-3 (Mo-99, I-131, Cr-51, P-32 y Lu-177) · CNEA, Producción de radioisótopos (Centro Atómico Ezeiza; demanda nacional de Mo-99 y provisión a Brasil) · CNEA, Empezó un proceso para aumentar la producción de radioisótopos (RA-3, Centro Atómico Ezeiza)
- CNEA Ezeiza → IPEN São Paulo · CNEA, Producción de radioisótopos (Centro Atómico Ezeiza; demanda nacional de Mo-99 y provisión a Brasil) · CNEN, Produção de radiofármacos (IPEN único produtor de geradores de Tc-99m no Brasil; Mo-99 importado; fios de Ir-192; RMB em Iperó)
- RA-10 → CNEA Ezeiza · CNEA, CNEA e INVAP inician el diseño de una planta de producción de radioisótopos de fisión (blancos del RA-10: Mo-99, I-131, Lu-177)
- PALLAS → Curium Petten · NRG PALLAS, PALLAS-reactor: securing the future of medical isotopes and cancer treatment (will replace the HFR and take over production) · Curium, Curium extends irradiation partnership with NRG PALLAS for Lu-177 (Lu-177 production lines in Petten)
- Curium Petten → Europe · OECD-NEA, The Supply of Medical Isotopes: An Economic Diagnosis and Possible Solutions (2019), tables 4.1 and 4.2 · Curium, Curium extends irradiation partnership with NRG PALLAS for Lu-177 (Lu-177 production lines in Petten)
- Curium Petten → North America · Curium, first North American manufacturer offering exclusively 100 % LEU generators (irradiation partners HFR, MARIA and BR2) · OECD-NEA, The Supply of Medical Isotopes: An Economic Diagnosis and Possible Solutions (2019), tables 4.1 and 4.2
- IRE Fleurus → Europe · IRE, Our history (European market; North America, Asia and the Middle East) · IRE, Radiochemical products (BR2 targets processed by IRE; Mo-99 and I-131)
- IRE Fleurus → North America · IRE, Our history (European market; North America, Asia and the Middle East) · IRE, IRE supplies a first commercial batch of LEU-based Mo-99 (targets irradiated in BR2; Mo-99 and I-131; US market) · Lantheus, Mo-99 supply contract with IRE for TechneLite generators
- NTP Radioisotopes → North America · Lantheus, extends contract with NTP Radioisotopes for LEU Mo-99 (NTP and ANSTO largest suppliers; IRE also named) · Lantheus Holdings, Form 10-K for 2024 (Mo-99 from research reactors in Belgium, South Africa and Australia; North Billerica)
- NTP Radioisotopes → Africa and Asia-Pacific · NTP Radioisotopes, NovaTec-P Tc-99m generator (developed at Pelindaba; procedures in South Africa every day) · Necsa, Nuclear Radioisotopes (NTP): Mo-99, I-131, NovaTec-P generator, Ir-192 sources
- ANSTO Health (Lucas Heights) → Africa and Asia-Pacific · ANSTO, Nuclear medicine (Mo-99 in OPAL, Gentech generators, n.c.a. Lu-177, sodium iodide capsules; 75-80 % of isotopes used in Australia) · ANSTO, Nuclear medicine facilities (OPAL target plates to the Mo-99 Manufacturing Facility; Gentech generators; Australia and the region) · ANSTO, Introduction to ANSTO 2023 (OPAL irradiation positions for Mo-99, I-131 and Lu-177; exports to the US East Coast) · National Academies, Molybdenum-99 for Medical Imaging (2016), ch. 3 Global Production of Molybdenum-99
- ANSTO Health (Lucas Heights) → North America · ANSTO, Introduction to ANSTO 2023 (OPAL irradiation positions for Mo-99, I-131 and Lu-177; exports to the US East Coast) · National Academies, Molybdenum-99 for Medical Imaging (2016), ch. 3 Global Production of Molybdenum-99 · Lantheus, to receive LEU-derived Mo-99 from ANSTO for TechneLite (US and Canadian markets)
- CNEA Ezeiza → Latin America · CNEA, Producción de radioisótopos (Centro Atómico Ezeiza; demanda nacional de Mo-99 y provisión a Brasil) · CNEA, Aplicaciones del RA-3 (Mo-99, I-131, Cr-51, P-32 y Lu-177)
- IPEN São Paulo → Latin America · CNEN, Produção de radiofármacos (IPEN único produtor de geradores de Tc-99m no Brasil; Mo-99 importado; fios de Ir-192; RMB em Iperó)
- NorthStar Medical Radioisotopes → North America · NorthStar, non-uranium Mo-99 milestone (domestic Mo-99 production with MURR; Beloit, Wisconsin; US demand)
Relationships documented in public sources, not contracts
Timeline
Our summary of each dated document, with the issuing body and the link. Last 180 days.
Monday, September 7, 2026
- Planned outageOPAL: Planned outage between cycles beginning September 14 AustraliaANSTO · Calendario de ciclos de OPAL y noticiasOPAL
Planned outage at OPAL (Lucas Heights) from September 14 to September 19, 2026, for refuelling and maintenance, according to ANSTO’s cycle schedule; Cycle 176 will remain online starting September 19.
Open the source - Planned outageOPAL: Planned outage between cycles beginning October 19 AustraliaANSTO · Calendario de ciclos de OPAL y noticiasOPAL
Planned outage at OPAL (Lucas Heights) from October 19 to October 29, 2026, for refuelling and maintenance, according to ANSTO’s cycle schedule; Cycle 177 will remain at full power starting October 29.
Open the source
Friday, September 4, 2026
- Official newsThe RA-10 will begin operations in 2027 using a privately funded radioisotope production model ArgentinaComunicados oficiales · operadores, reguladores y gobiernosRA-10
CNEA · News · Officials from the Secretariat of Nuclear Affairs and the National Atomic Energy Commission presented guidelines for the future operation of the multipurpose reactor as a platform...
Open the source - Regulatory eventANVS: Issues Order Subject to a Penalty Payment Against NRG PALLAS (HFR Operator) NetherlandsANVS · Autoriteit Nucleaire Veiligheid en StralingsbeschermingHFR
The ANVS issues an order subject to a penalty payment to NRG PALLAS (operator of the HFR) in a news report dated September 4, 2026.
Open the source
Saturday, August 15, 2026
- Return to serviceOPAL: Reactor at full power since August 15, start of Cycle 175 AustraliaANSTO · Calendario de ciclos de OPAL y noticiasOPAL
OPAL (Lucas Heights) returned to power on August 15, 2026, at the start of Cycle 175, according to ANSTO’s cycle schedule; the cycle ends on September 13, 2026.
Open the source
Wednesday, August 12, 2026
- Official newsANSTO: Statement on the OPAL Reactor AustraliaANSTO · Calendario de ciclos de OPAL y noticiasOPAL
ANSTO press release dated August 12, 2026, regarding the OPAL reactor at Lucas Heights. Original title and text available at the link.
Open the source
Tuesday, August 11, 2026
- Official newsANSTO: Statement on the OPAL Reactor AustraliaANSTO · Calendario de ciclos de OPAL y noticiasOPAL
ANSTO press release dated August 11, 2026, regarding the OPAL reactor at Lucas Heights. Original title and text available at the link.
Open the source
Monday, August 10, 2026
- Planned outageOPAL: Planned outage between cycles beginning August 10 AustraliaANSTO · Calendario de ciclos de OPAL y noticiasOPAL
Planned outage at OPAL (Lucas Heights) from August 10 to August 15, 2026, for refuelling and maintenance, according to ANSTO’s cycle schedule; Cycle 175 will remain at power starting August 15.
Open the source
Friday, July 10, 2026
- Return to serviceOPAL: Reactor at full power since July 10; start of Cycle 174 AustraliaANSTO · Calendario de ciclos de OPAL y noticiasOPAL
OPAL (Lucas Heights) returned to power on July 10, 2026, at the start of cycle 174, according to ANSTO’s cycle schedule; the cycle ends on August 9, 2026.
Open the source
Monday, July 6, 2026
- Planned outageOPAL: Planned outage between cycles beginning July 6 AustraliaANSTO · Calendario de ciclos de OPAL y noticiasOPAL
OPAL (Lucas Heights) will undergo a planned outage from July 6 to July 10, 2026, for refuelling and maintenance, according to ANSTO’s cycle schedule; Cycle 174 will remain online starting July 10.
Open the source
Thursday, July 2, 2026
- Official newsNRG PALLAS: Statement on the PALLAS Reactor NetherlandsNRG PALLAS · Noticias (HFR y PALLAS, Petten)PALLAS
Press release from NRG PALLAS dated July 2, 2026, regarding the PALLAS reactor, currently under construction in Petten to replace the HFR. Original title and text available at the link.
Open the source
Wednesday, July 1, 2026
- Official newsNRG PALLAS: Statement on the PALLAS Reactor NetherlandsNRG PALLAS · Noticias (HFR y PALLAS, Petten)PALLAS
NRG PALLAS press release dated July 1, 2026, regarding the PALLAS reactor, currently under construction in Petten to replace the HFR. Original title and text available at the link.
Open the source
Saturday, June 6, 2026
- Return to serviceOPAL: Reactor at power since June 6; start of Cycle 173 AustraliaANSTO · Calendario de ciclos de OPAL y noticiasOPAL
OPAL (Lucas Heights) returned to power on June 6, 2026, at the start of Cycle 173, according to ANSTO’s cycle schedule; the cycle ends on July 5, 2026.
Open the source
Tuesday, June 2, 2026
- Official newsNRG PALLAS: Statement on the PALLAS Reactor NetherlandsNRG PALLAS · Noticias (HFR y PALLAS, Petten)PALLAS
Press release from NRG PALLAS dated June 2, 2026, regarding the PALLAS reactor, currently under construction in Petten to replace the HFR. Original title and text available at the link.
Open the source
Monday, June 1, 2026
- Planned outageOPAL: Planned outage between fuel cycles beginning June 1 AustraliaANSTO · Calendario de ciclos de OPAL y noticiasOPAL
Planned outage at OPAL (Lucas Heights) from June 1 to June 6, 2026, for refuelling and maintenance, according to ANSTO’s cycle schedule; Cycle 173 will resume operation on June 6.
Open the source - Official newsNRG PALLAS: Statement on the HFR NetherlandsNRG PALLAS · Noticias (HFR y PALLAS, Petten)HFR
Press release from NRG PALLAS dated June 1, 2026, regarding the HFR, a research reactor in Petten that produces medical isotopes. Original title and text available at the link.
Open the source
Thursday, May 14, 2026
- Official newsMURR: press release regarding the reactor or its radioisotopes United StatesMURR · Noticias (University of Missouri Research Reactor)MURR
Press release from the University of Missouri dated May 14, 2026, regarding the MURR research reactor (Columbia, Missouri) or the radioisotopes it produces. Original title and text available at the link.
Open the source
Data: ANSTO · Calendario de ciclos de OPAL y noticias · Comunicados oficiales · operadores, reguladores y gobiernos · ANVS · Autoriteit Nucleaire Veiligheid en Stralingsbescherming · NCBJ · Noticias (reactor MARIA y POLATOM, Świerk) · NRG PALLAS · Noticias (HFR y PALLAS, Petten) · CNEN · Últimas notícias (IEA-R1 y radiofarmacia del IPEN) · IPEN · Notícias y comunicados oficiales (IEA-R1 y radiofarmacia) · MURR · Noticias (University of Missouri Research Reactor) · IAEA RRDB · updated on Sep 7, 2026